In the paper, the effect of integral-based objective functions and the number of iterations on the performance of automatic generation control (AGC) of the two-area interconnected non-reheat thermal power plant with governor dead band (GDB) is investigated. Integral of absolute error (IAE), integral of squared error (ISE), integral of time multiplied absolute error (ITAE) and integral of time multiplied squared error (ITSE), which are widely used in AGC of power systems, are used as objective functions. While the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller is used to control the load frequency of the power system, particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of the PID controller. Additionally, the effect of different objective functions on control performance is observed for 50, 100 and 200 iterations. As a result, ITSE outperforms the compared objective functions for high control performance. After ITSE, ITAE stands out with its satisfactory control performance. In addition, the increase in the number of iterations mostly serves to decrease the value of ITAE and the positive effect of the time multiplier in the objective functions on the transient response of the output signals is clearly seen. Thus, in the case of using optimization algorithms in the AGC of power systems, the dilemma of choosing the objective function and determining the number of iterations is resolved.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Automatic generation control, Load frequency control, Particle swarm optimization, Objective function, Iteration number
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